Table of contents

1. Intro to Stats and Collecting Data55m
2. Describing Data with Tables and Graphs1h 55m
3. Describing Data Numerically1h 45m
4. Probability2h 16m
5. Binomial Distribution & Discrete Random Variables2h 33m
6. Normal Distribution and Continuous Random Variables1h 38m
7. Sampling Distributions & Confidence Intervals: Mean1h 3m
- Introduction to Confidence Intervals
  15m
- Confidence Intervals for Population Mean
  48m
8. Sampling Distributions & Confidence Intervals: Proportion1h 12m
- Sampling Distribution of Sample Proportion
  29m
- Confidence Intervals for Population Proportion
  42m
9. Hypothesis Testing for One Sample1h 1m
- Steps in Hypothesis Testing
  1h 1m
10. Hypothesis Testing for Two Samples2h 8m
11. Correlation48m
- Scatterplots & Intro to Correlation
  26m
- Correlation Coefficient
  21m
12. Regression1h 4m
13. Chi-Square Tests & Goodness of Fit1h 20m
14. ANOVA1h 0m

2. Describing Data with Tables and Graphs

Visualizing Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data

Statistics

2. Describing Data with Tables and Graphs

Visualizing Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data

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2:51 minutes

Problem 14.CRE.4

Textbook Question

Are Nuclear Plants Safe? Using the survey results from Exercise 2 and ignoring those respondents with no opinion, is the following graph somehow misleading? If so, how?

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Observe the graph carefully. The graph compares the percentages of respondents who believe nuclear plants are 'Safe' versus 'Not safe'. The y-axis ranges from 45% to 50%, which is a very narrow range.

Step 2: Identify the potential issue with the graph. The narrow range of the y-axis exaggerates the difference between the two bars, making the 'Not safe' category appear significantly larger than the 'Safe' category, even though the actual difference is small.

Step 3: Understand how this can be misleading. By truncating the y-axis and not starting it at 0%, the visual representation distorts the perception of the data, leading viewers to believe there is a larger disparity between the two categories than there actually is.

Step 4: Consider how the graph could be improved. To avoid misleading representation, the y-axis should start at 0%, providing a more accurate visual comparison of the percentages.

Step 5: Reflect on the importance of ethical graph design. Misleading graphs can influence opinions and decisions, so it is crucial to present data in a way that accurately reflects the true differences without exaggeration.

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