Table of contents
- 1. Intro to Stats and Collecting Data55m
- 2. Describing Data with Tables and Graphs1h 55m
- 3. Describing Data Numerically1h 45m
- 4. Probability2h 16m
- 5. Binomial Distribution & Discrete Random Variables2h 33m
- 6. Normal Distribution and Continuous Random Variables1h 38m
- 7. Sampling Distributions & Confidence Intervals: Mean1h 3m
- 8. Sampling Distributions & Confidence Intervals: Proportion1h 12m
- 9. Hypothesis Testing for One Sample1h 1m
- 10. Hypothesis Testing for Two Samples2h 8m
- 11. Correlation48m
- 12. Regression1h 4m
- 13. Chi-Square Tests & Goodness of Fit1h 20m
- 14. ANOVA1h 0m
2. Describing Data with Tables and Graphs
Visualizing Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data
Problem 3.CRE.5
Textbook Question
Correlation Between Magnitudes and Depths Using the paired magnitude/depth data, construct the graph that is helpful in determining whether there is a correlation between earthquake magnitudes and depths. Based on the result, does there appear to be a correlation?




1
Step 1: Organize the paired data into two variables: Magnitude (X) and Depth (Y). This will help in visualizing the relationship between the two variables.
Step 2: Create a scatter plot with Magnitude on the x-axis and Depth on the y-axis. Each pair of values (Magnitude, Depth) will be represented as a point on the graph.
Step 3: Observe the pattern of the points on the scatter plot. If the points tend to form a clear upward or downward trend, it suggests a potential correlation. If the points are scattered randomly, it suggests no correlation.
Step 4: Calculate the correlation coefficient (r) using the formula: r = (Σ((X_i - X̄)(Y_i - Ȳ))) / (sqrt(Σ(X_i - X̄)^2) * sqrt(Σ(Y_i - Ȳ)^2)). This will quantify the strength and direction of the relationship between Magnitude and Depth.
Step 5: Interpret the correlation coefficient. If r is close to 1 or -1, there is a strong correlation (positive or negative). If r is close to 0, there is little to no correlation. Use this result to determine whether there appears to be a correlation between earthquake magnitudes and depths.

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