Ideas using festive literature in your English language classes

Sam Colley
A group of teenagers reading together in a library smiling
Reading time: 5 minutes

The holiday season is a magical time to bring festive cheer and rich cultural traditions into your English language classroom. Classic holiday stories and poems not only capture the spirit of the season but also provide excellent opportunities for language learning. In this blog post, we'll suggest some timeless holiday literature and explore how they can be effectively used in the classroom to enhance your students' language skills and allow you to make the most of these festive texts.

Classic holiday stories and poems

A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens

This novella tells the story of Ebenezer Scrooge, a miserly old man who is visited by the ghosts of Christmas Past, Present and Yet to Come. Through these supernatural visits, Scrooge learns the importance of kindness, generosity and the true holiday spirit.

How to use in the classroom:

  • Reading comprehension: Assign chapters to read in class or as homework. Discuss key events and character developments.
  • Vocabulary building: Highlight and define challenging vocabulary words. Create flashcards or vocabulary quizzes.
  • Role-playing: Have students act out scenes to practice speaking and improve their understanding of the dialogue.
  • Creative writing: Ask students to write a diary entry from the perspective of Scrooge at different points in the story.

Discussion questions:

- What are the main reasons for Scrooge's initial behavior?
- How do the visits from the ghosts change Scrooge’s perspective on life?
- What lessons can we learn from "A Christmas Carol" about the true meaning of Christmas?
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 Ideas using festive literature in your English language classes
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The Gift of the Magi by O. Henry

This short story revolves around a young couple, Jim and Della, who are very much in love but also very poor. They each sacrifice their most prized possession to buy a Christmas gift for the other, only to find that their gifts are now useless. Their acts of love and sacrifice highlight the true meaning of giving.

How to use in the classroom:

  • Reading aloud: Read the story together in class, focusing on pronunciation and intonation.
  • Discussion: Engage students in a discussion about the themes of love and sacrifice. Ask questions like, "What would you be willing to sacrifice for someone you love?"
  • Irony exploration: Discuss the concept of irony and how it is used in the story. Have students identify other examples of irony in literature or real life.
  • Creative projects: Encourage students to create a comic strip or storyboard depicting the key events of the story or ask them to write an alternative ending to the story.

Discussion questions:

- What do Jim and Della’s sacrifices tell us about their relationship?
- How does the story illustrate the concept of irony?
- What is the true gift that Jim and Della give each other?

Twas the Night Before Christmas by Clement Clarke Moore

This classic poem describes the magical visit of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus) on Christmas Eve. Its vivid imagery and rhythmic verses make it a delightful read for students of all ages.

How to use in the classroom:

  • Choral reading: Read the poem aloud as a class, with students taking turns to read different stanzas. Focus on expression and fluency.
  • Vocabulary activities: Identify and define unfamiliar words. Create a festive word wall with these terms.
  • Illustration project: Have students illustrate scenes from the poem and create a class display. This can help with comprehension and visualization.
  • Role-playing: Encourage students to act out the poem, with some playing the roles of St. Nicholas and others as the narrator or reindeer.
Discussion questions:

- How does the poem create a sense of anticipation and excitement?
- What details does the poet use to describe Santa Claus and his reindeer?
- How does the poem reflect the traditions and customs of Christmas?

While not everyone will celebrate the holiday season, there are other stories and poems that reflect the mood of the season that you could look at as part of your English language lessons instead.

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost

This poem describes a quiet, contemplative moment in which the speaker stops to watch snow falling in the woods. The serene and reflective mood captures the peacefulness of winter.

How to use in the classroom:

  • Poetry analysis: Analyze the poem's structure, rhyme scheme and imagery. Discuss how these elements contribute to the overall mood.
  • Listening activity: Have students listen to a recording of the poem and follow along with the text. Focus on pronunciation and rhythm.
  • Imagery discussion: Ask students to describe the images that come to mind when they read the poem. Encourage them to draw or paint these scenes.
  • Writing exercise: Have students write their own winter-themed poems, using Frost's poem as inspiration.

Discussion questions:

- What images does Frost use to create a sense of peace and quiet?
- How does the rhyme scheme contribute to the overall mood of the poem?
- What might the speaker be contemplating as he stops to watch the snow?

The Mitten by Jan Brett

It tells the story of a young boy named Nicki who loses one of his white mittens in the snow. As the mitten lies on the ground, various woodland animals, one by one, find the mitten and squeeze inside it to stay warm. The mitten stretches to accommodate each new animal, growing larger and larger. Eventually, a bear sneezes, causing all the animals to tumble out and Nicki finds his mitten again.

How to use in the classroom:

  • Vocabulary building: Teach the names of the animals in the story, introduce vocabulary related to winter clothing and highlight verbs associated with the animals' actions.
  • Story sequencing: Create cards with pictures of the animals in the order they enter the mitten. Have students arrange the cards in the correct sequence, encouraging them to retell the story in their own words, using the sequencing cards as prompts.
  • Listening activities: Read the story aloud and have students listen for specific words or phrases. They can raise their hands or hold up picture cards when they hear the target words.
  • Role-playing: Assign roles to students and have them act out the story. This helps with practicing dialogue and expression.

Discussion questions:

- Which animal surprised you the most when it entered the mitten and why?
- Can you describe a time when you lost something important? How did you feel and what did you do?
- How do you think the mitten changed after all the animals were inside it?

Incorporating festive literature into your English language teaching can make the holiday season more enjoyable and educational for your students. By using classic holiday stories and poems, you can help students improve their language skills while also exploring important themes and traditions. These timeless pieces of literature offer rich opportunities for reading comprehension, vocabulary building, creative expression and cultural exploration. We hope these suggestions inspire you to bring some holiday cheer into your classroom this December.Ìý

See our blogs on Creative writing exercises for English language learners and 12 games and puzzles to level up your language learning for some more hints and tips on English language learning.

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    1. Set new goals

    Students may lose interest in classes or feel discouraged when they don't have a clear target to work towards. If this is the case with your class, have them write up a list of five new goals they'd like to achieve.Ìý

    These goals must be SMART: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Timely. So rather than just saying "I'd like to learn more vocabulary", have students make it SMART.Ìý

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    Specific: "I'd like to learn new advanced vocabulary to use in my writing."

    Measurable: "I'll test myself to see if I can define and use 20 new words in sentences."

    Achievable: "I will dedicate 2 hours a week to studying the definitions and writing example sentences in context."

    Relevant: "This will help me get a good score in myÌýÌýas I struggle with formal academic language."

    Timely: "I will learn 20 new words by the end of September."

    If learners find it difficult to think of goals, ask them to write one for each language skill: listening, reading, writing and speaking. You can also refer to the GSE Teacher Toolkit, which has hundreds of learning objectives organized by age, level, skill type and more.

    The idea is to encourage them to set clear objectives, giving them an exciting new challenge to work towards for the year ahead.

    2. Encourage students to find conversation partners

    Students may lose interest in improving their English if they've only been studying in a classroom. They may see it as something boring and unrelated to their real lives.Ìý

    A great way to tackle this is by encouraging them to talk with English speakers outside of class. By doing this, they'll pick up new vocabulary and expressions, giving them more confidenceÌýin their language abilities.Ìý

    Suggest that they attend a language exchange.ÌýÌýandÌýÌýareÌýgreat platforms to find regular language exchange events in their local area. While this is suitable for intermediate learners and above, it may be a bit daunting for beginners.Ìý

    In this case, the appÌýÌýmay be a suitable alternative. Similar to a language exchange, learners can connect with people from around the world. They can choose people with a similar level as them and either write messages, send short audios, or do video calls, depending on their ability and confidence.Ìý

    Communicating with real people is a fun and encouraging reason for your learners to want to improve.

    3. Introduce interesting new vocabulary

    Students may become disheartened if they've been learning for years but aren't seeing much progress. A simple and effective way to help them improve their level is by encouraging them toÌýexpand their vocabulary.Ìý

    They already have to study a lot of vocabulary from their textbooks, so why not give it a more personal twist and ask for suggestions of topics that interest them?Ìý

    Maybe they are gamers and want to learn how to communicate better with other players around the world. Select vocabulary about styles of games, turn-taking, and strategizing that they could use – they can practice in class and be thrilled to be given homework.

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    4. Work on specific problem areasÌý

    Language learners may become frustrated and lose motivation if they continue to make the same mistakes. It may cause them to feel disheartened in their abilities and want to give up, especially for those who aim to sit exams. You can help them level up by identifying specific problem areas and tailoring your classes to work on these.Ìý

    Tests can help your learners discover their weaknesses and avoid the frustration of sitting and not passing an exam. They'll be able to pinpoint what they need to work on, and you can dedicate your classes to exactly what they need, rather than cover areas they may not have problems with.

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    By giving a little extra attention to fixing problem areas, learners will soon start to see their progress, encouraging and inspiring them to keep going.

    5. Change your class formatÌý

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    Use interactive games

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    Set project work

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    Hold class debatesÌý

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    4 steps to make sure the transition back to school goes well

    Por Donatella Fitzgerald MBE

    As we start thinking about returning to school, the big question for teachers and parents is: How can we help our children get off to a smooth start?ÌýÌýÌý

    After the long break, students might be keen to see their friends again. But it's not always easy to get back into the class routine. It's especially difficult when students are moving into a newÌýclass orÌýare facing important exams.Ìý

    So what can you do to support children in transitioning back to school at the beginning of the academic year?Ìý

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    1. Be organized and create routines

    Organizing is what you do before you do something, so that when you do it, it's not all mixed up.Ìý – A. A. MilneÌý

    Have a "family meeting" to brainstorm the routines for the school year,Ìýe.g., tidying room, getting school clothes/uniform/bag ready the evening before, homework routines, familyÌýmeal times and exercise. Ensure each member of the family has input into the routine too. Create a chart with the routines so everyone can see what has been agreed upon and how they are being adhered to.

    2. Start bedtime routines early

    Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. – Benjamin FranklinÌý

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    If children and teenagers do not get enough sleep, it can negatively impact their healthÌýand academic achievement. It's important that they are aware of this too.ÌýÌý

    In an ideal world, we should ensure that adults and children are not exposed to any form of screen time for at least 30 minutes to one hour before bedtime. This will help everyone sleep better.ÌýÌý

    Start the back-to-school sleep transition gradually. To help your child adjust, move bedtime up by 30 to 60 minutes at a time over the course of a few days or a week before the start of school so the transition from a later bedtime to an earlier one is progressive.Ìý

    3. Talk about homework and teach organizational skillsÌý

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    • Achievable – Do they have the skills and resources to get to their goal?ÌýÌý
    • Relevant – How does this goal connect to short and long-term targets?Ìý
    • Time-bound – Set a concrete deadline.

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    • Be attentive and offer undivided attention during this time.ÌýÌý
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    • Encourage each member to talk about one good thing that has happened to them that day. This lets them know you are there for them.ÌýÌý
    • Assign mealtime jobs to involve everyone, e.g.: setting and clearing the table and putting away the dishes.

    However, sometimes it's not possible to share meal times during the week so plan at least one on the weekend if possible.Ìý

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    With a bit of preparation, the leadup and transition back to school can be smooth and enjoyable not only for children but also for the rest of the family.