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The mean, often referred to as the average, is a measure of central tendency that is calculated by summing all the values in a dataset and then dividing by the number of values. It provides a single value that represents the overall level of the data, making it useful for understanding the general trend. In the context of roller coaster speeds, calculating the mean speed helps to summarize the performance of the selected coasters.

A data set is a collection of related values or observations that can be analyzed to extract meaningful information. In this case, the data set consists of the maximum speeds of various roller coasters, which are numerical values that can be used to calculate statistical measures like the mean. Understanding the composition of the data set is crucial for accurate analysis and interpretation.

Statistical calculations involve mathematical operations applied to data sets to derive insights or summarize information. For finding the mean, the calculation requires adding all the values together and dividing by the count of those values. This process is fundamental in statistics, as it allows for the quantification of data characteristics and aids in making comparisons across different datasets.