İngilizceakıcı olmak ne anlama geliyor?

Mike Mayor
Genç bir adam kütüphanede oturmuş, elinde bir kalem ve kameraya bakıyor; Yanında bir yığın kitap var

İngilizce akıcılık ile neyi kastediyoruz ve dört becerideki yetkinlikleri anlamak, iletişimsel İngilizce yeteneğinin daha gerçekçi bir resmini nasıl sağlayabilir?

Akıcılık nedir?

Sözlüklerde çalışan biri olarak, kelimelerin anlamı her zaman ilgimi çekmiştir - ve akıcılık bu noktada özel bir örnektir. Dil öğrenciler genellikle kendilerine bir dilde akıcı olma hedefi koyarlar. İş ilanları genellikle "akıcı İngilizce veya İspanyolca" seçeneğini bir gereklilik olarak belirtir. Ama bir dilde 'akıcı' olmak aslında ne anlama geliyor? Longman Çağdaş İngilizceSözlüğü'ne bakarsak, akıcının "bir dili çok iyi konuşabilmek" anlamına geldiğini görürüz. Akıcı DzԳş veya yazma, "hatasız, pürüzsüz ve kendinden emin" olarak tanımlanır. Genel olarak, akıcılık çoğunlukla konuşulan dille ilişkilendirilir - ancak tüm dil öğrenenlerin amacı bu mudur? Ve akıcı bir şekilde konuşabilmek diğer dil becerileri hakkında ne gösterir?

İngilizce yeterliliğini tanımlama

Sözlük dünyasına girmeden önce Fransa'da yabancı dil olarak İngilizce öğrettim. O zamanlar, Avrupa Ortak Dil Referans Çerçevesi (CEFR) henüz yayınlanmamıştı ve öğrenciler çok genel terimlerle tanımlanıyordu - başlangıç, orta, ileri - her seviyedeki öğrencilerin bilmesi gerekenler konusunda üzerinde anlaşmaya varılmış standartlar yoktu. CEFR , standartlar oluşturmanın yanı sıra, dil değerlendirmesinin odağını dilbilgisi ve kelime bilgisinden işlevsel yeterliliğe, yani bir öğrencinin dört beceride öğrendiği dille gerçekte ne yapabileceğine kaydırdı:

  • Dinleme
  • okuma
  • DzԳş
  • ⲹı

İlginç bir şekilde, her beceri için belirli hedefler ortaya koyarken, CEFR 'daki bilgilerin neredeyse üçte ikisi DzԳş dilini tanımlar. Bu, konuşulan akıcılığın gerçekten de tüm dil öğrenenler için en önemli hedef olduğu anlamına geliyor gibi görünüyor.

Yeterliliğe giden kişiselleştirilmiş bir yolun haritasını çıkarmak

Küresel bir yayıncı olarak app İngilizce , tüm öğrencilerin geçmişleri, öğrenme ortamları ve öğrenme hedefleri açısından farklı olduğunun farkındadır. Bu nedenle, CEFR 'de yer alan öğrenme hedefleri kümesini, yalnızca birinde değil, dört becerinin tümünde (tipik olarak DzԳş becerisinde) seviyeleri hakkında ayrıntılı bilgiye ihtiyaç duyan öğrencileri hesaba katacak şekilde genişletmek için yeni araştırmalar yaptık.

Hiçbir öğrenci dört dil becerisinin hepsinde eşit derecede yetkin olmayacaktır - aynı şekilde anadili İngilizce olan hiç kimse de ana dilindeki tüm becerilerde eşit derecede yetkin değildir. Bazılarımız yazmakta DzԳşktan daha iyidir ve çoğumuz ana dillerinde okuma yazma bilmez. Gerçek bir dil yeterliliği ölçüsünün tüm becerileri hesaba katması gerekir. Aynı şekilde, her İngilizce öğrenenin sözlü iletişimde 'akıcı' olması gerekmeyecektir.

Birçok araştırmacının İngilizce makaleler okuması ve İngilizce 'daki konferanslara katılması gerekir - ancak yalnızca ana dillerinde sunum yapacak ve yazacaktır. 'Akıcılık' hedeflerini tanımlamanın iyi bir yolu mu? Ve eğer değilse, bu bir şekilde dil başarılarını azaltır mı? Bireysel becerilerdeki yeterliliği kabul ederek - 'akıcı' gibi her şeyi kapsayan terimler yerine - hedefler ve sonuçlar hakkında daha net bir anlayış kazanırız ve bu bilgiyle, öğrenmeyi bireye göre uyarlamak için daha iyi bir konumdayız.

İngilizce dili hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinmek ister misiniz? Jargon, deyimler ve DzԳş dili kullanmak İngilizce öğrencilerin kafasını nasıl karıştırır ⲹımıza ve garip İngilizce ifadelerle ilgili ⲹımıza göz atın.

Kendi akıcılığınızı (herhangi bir dilde) geliştirmek istiyorsanız, dil öğrenme uygulamamız Mondy'ye göz atmayı unutmayın.

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