Ways to help you work out the meaning of new words

Charlotte Guest
A man reading a book sat in a window
Reading time: 4 minutes

Learning a new language is an exciting journey, but it can also be challenging, especially when you encounter unfamiliar words. Don't let new vocabulary intimidate you. With the right strategies, you can work out the meaning of new words and enhance your language skills. Here are some effective ways to help you work out the meaning of new words so you can use these new words confidently and tackle any unfamiliar words with confidence.

Before diving into practical tips, it's helpful to understand a bit about the origins of the English language. English is a Germanic language, but it has been heavily influenced by Latin, especially through the Norman Conquest in 1066 and the Renaissance period. Many English words have Latin roots, prefixes and suffixes. This historical context can be a valuable tool in decoding unfamiliar vocabulary.

Decoding new vocabulary with ease
Play
Privacy and cookies

By watching, you agree app can share your viewership data for marketing and analytics for one year, revocable by deleting your cookies.

Break it down

Many words are composed of smaller parts, such as prefixes, suffixes and root words.

Prefix: A prefix is a group of letters added to the beginning of a word that changes its meaning. For example, the prefix "un-" means "not." When added to the word "happy," it creates "unhappy," which means "not happy."

Suffix: A suffix is a group of letters added to the end of a word that changes its meaning or grammatical function. For example, the suffix "-ful" means "full of." When added to the word "joy," it creates "joyful," which means "full of joy."

Understanding these components can help you understand the meaning of the entire word. Here are some common prefixes and suffixes to get you started:

Common prefixes:

  • un-: means "not" (e.g., unhappy - not happy)
  • re-: means "again" (e.g., rewrite - write again)
  • pre-: means "before" (e.g., preview - view before)
  • dis-: means "not" or "opposite of" (e.g., dislike - not like)
  • mis-: means "wrongly" (e.g., misunderstand - understand wrongly)
  • anti-: means "against" (e.g., antibiotic - against bacteria)
  • co-: means "together" (e.g., cooperate - work together)
  • sub-: means "under" (e.g., submarine - under the sea)
  • inter-: means "between" (e.g., international - between nations)

Common suffixes:

  • ful: means "full of" (e.g., joyful - full of joy)
  • less: means "without" (e.g., hopeless - without hope)
  • able: means "can be" (e.g., readable - can be read)
  • er: means "one who" (e.g., teacher - one who teaches)
  • ness: means "state of being" (e.g., happiness - state of being happy)
  • ly: means "in a certain way" (e.g., quickly - in a quick way)
  • ment: means "result of" (e.g., achievement - result of achieving)
  • tion: means "action or process" (e.g., celebration - process of celebrating)
  • ive: means "having the nature of" (e.g., creative - having the nature of creating)

You can often figure out their meanings by breaking down words into smaller parts. For example, the word "unbelievable" can be broken down into "un-" (not) + "believe" + "-able" (can be), meaning "cannot be believed."

Use visual aids

Visual aids, such as pictures, diagrams and videos, can make learning new words more engaging and memorable. When you see an image associated with a word, it creates a mental link that helps you recall the word later. Visual aids enhance vocabulary retention and comprehension (Paivio, 1991).

Check the context

When you see a word you don't know, look at the sentences and words around it. They can give you important hints about what the word means. The sentences can show the main idea, the feelings, or the mood of the text.

For example, if a word is used when talking about someone who is very excited, it probably has a good meaning. By looking at how the word works with other words in the sentences nearby, you can guess what it means. This helps you learn new words and understand what you read better.

Make connections

Relate new words to words you already know. This technique, known as semantic mapping, involves creating a network of related words and concepts. For example, if you know the word "happy," you can connect it to "joyful," "content" and "pleased." This method not only helps you remember new words but also deepens your understanding of their meanings.

Engage in active reading

Active reading involves more than just passively skimming through text. Take notes, highlight unfamiliar words and look up their meanings. This proactive approach helps reinforce new vocabulary and improves comprehension. According to the International Journal of Educational Research, active reading strategies are effective in enhancing vocabulary acquisition (Grabe, 2009).

Keep a vocabulary journal

Maintain a dedicated journal for new words. Write down the word, its definition, an example sentence and any related synonyms or antonyms. Reviewing your journal regularly will reinforce your memory and help you track your progress. Research by the Modern Language Journal suggests that vocabulary journals are an effective tool for language learners (Folse, 2004).

Be patient and persistent

Learning new words takes time and effort. Don't get discouraged if you don't understand a word immediately. Keep practicing and exploring different strategies until you find what works best for you. Remember, every step you take brings you closer to mastering the language.

Unlocking the meaning of new words is a rewarding part of language learning. By using these practical tips and staying motivated, you'll expand your vocabulary and gain confidence in your language skills.

References

More blogs from app

  • Two people sat togther with phones smiling

    Don't give up when it comes to learning English

    By Steffanie Zazulak
    Reading time: 2 minutes

    We love sharing stories of English learners and educators whose lives have been positively transformed by the language. One such inspiring story comes from Rodrigo Tadeu in São Paulo, Brazil. Discover why he holds a special appreciation for mastering English.

    Motivations for learning English?

    Rodrigo grew up speaking Portuguese in South America. As a child, he never thought about learning another language. However, when he became an adultand began aspiring to a career, he realized that expanding his language abilities would help him achieve these dreams.

    "I worked as an accountant for an American company," he said. "So, to communicate and achieve professional success, I had to learn English!"

    Rodrigo has changed jobs since then. And even though he’s no longer required to speak English with his new company, he still feels a responsibility to himself to continue his education.

    The road to English fluency

    There are many tools that you can use to improve your English language skills, and Rodrigo used several – some he’s still using to this day. First, he started learning English formally by taking classes in high school. However, his shy disposition made it difficult for him to practice because he was afraid of failing in front of others. At the time, he didn't havecareer goals motivating him to learn the language either.

    Later, however, our adventurous accountant decided to learn English in earnest, so he traveled to Canada to study and become aconfident speaker. When he returned to Brazil, he kept studying and continues to do so. Reading books and articles, listening to podcasts and copying other English speakers have also helped develop his conversational skills. Among his favorite podcasts are "English as a Second Language" and "Freakonomics".

    English learning is not without challenges

    Rodrigo noted that he struggles with pronunciation most.“The way English speakers say words is very different than the way you would say something in Portuguese.”

    He thinks the issue is the same for Spanish speakers as well."In Portuguese or Spanish, if you know the words,you can basically speak exactly what you read. In English, it's totally different. You cannot speak the words that you are reading. So you have to know about this!"

    This might be the most challenging part of learning the language for Rodrigo, but he assured us that he’s not giving up.

    English for enjoyment

    Rodrigo may have initially studied English as a way to progress his career, but the language quickly became something he enjoyed.And instead of being content with the skill that he has now, Rodrigo dreams of continuing his English-speaking education so he can travel and further enjoy his life.

    "These days, English has become fun!" he said. "Now it's better to watch movies and TV in English."

    He also mentioned that he eventually would like to visit Europe. But when asked about his dream destination, Rodrigo said that:“I’d like to move back to Canada, maybe live in Vancouver for a year or two!”

    Advice for English language learners

    After working hard for years to learn English, Rodrigo now offers advice to fellow Brazilians (and others) who wish to speak another language:

    "You have to be confident, and don’t give up. You have to keep your dreams. It's difficult to ... speak one language that's not your mother language ... If you can imagine, you can achieve, and you can do. So 'don't give up' is the perfect phrase."

  • Students sat in a library looking over a computer smiling

    Why students still choose the U.S. for their study dreams

    By Abi Fordham
    Reading time: 2 minutes

    In a world full of study destinations, the United States continues to stand out. Despite shifting visa policies and rising competition from other countries, students from around the globe still set their sights on the U.S. for one big reason, it offers more than just a degree. It offers a valuable launchpad.

    So, what keeps the U.S. at the top of students’ wish lists? And why should admissions teams continue to lean into this global interest?

    Prestige that opens doors

    The U.S. is home to some of the world’s most prestigious universities. From Ivy League institutions to top-ranked public colleges, the reputation of a U.S. degree carries weight. For many students, studying in the U.S. is not just about education, it is about opportunity. Employers around the world recognize the value of a U.S. degree, and that recognition can open doors to global careers. 

    Flexibility that fits ambition

    Unlike many other systems, U.S. universities allow students to explore. They can choose a major and a minor, or even switch paths as they discover new interests. This flexibility is a huge draw for students who are still figuring out their future or who want to combine passions, like pairing economics with environmental science, or computer science with music. 

    A campus experience like no other

    American campus life is iconic for a reason, made famous from movie scenes seen across the world. From sports and clubs to dorm life and student unions, the sense of community is strong. For international students, this can make all the difference. It is not just about the academic life, it is about belonging. And for many, that community becomes a second home. 

    Career-boosting extras

    Internships, research opportunities, and strong alumni networks are all part of the U.S. university experience. Students are not just learning in the classroom, they are building resumes, making connections, and preparing for the job market.

    The American dream still inspires

    For many, the U.S. represents possibility. It is a place where ambition is welcomed, where diversity is celebrated, and where students can imagine a future that feels bigger than their present. That dream still resonates, and it is one that admissions teams can help bring to life.

  • College students sat together at a table smiling

    Practical tips for supporting neurodivergent learners in the classroom

    By Charlotte Guest
    Reading time: 7 minutes

    Educators need to meet the needs of all students, including those who are neurodivergent. Neurodivergence refers to variations in the human brain and cognition, including dyslexia, ADHD, and autism. Among these, dyslexia is one of the most common learning differences, affecting how individuals process written and spoken language. Although each student’s needs are unique, there are several practical, research-backed strategies educators can employ to support and empower these learners.

    Let’s look at some tips for teachers, which cover everything from font choice and classroom environment to presentation of information and assessment design. Although these are designed to support neurodivergent students, they will in fact help fostera more inclusive, accessible, and positive learning experience for all learners.