Balancing work, life, and learning: How adult learners navigate English language learning

Dr. Le Dinh Bao Quoc
A man sat outside smiling working on a laptop
Reading time: 4 minutes

Dr. Quoc is an author, educational solutions provider and AIED expert with over 20 years of experience in ELT and education in Vietnam. He is the Founder and CEO of Pro.Ed Education Solutions and Chief Officer of EduVerse, a global network supporting lifelong learning for educators. Dr. Quoc is also the author of The Art and Science of ChatGPT in Education and was named a LinkedIn Top Educational Leadership Voice in 2024. His work focuses on integrating AI into education to support personalized and flexible learning for teachers and learners.

For many adult learners, mastering English isn’t just about gaining a new skill—it’s about unlocking opportunities in work, family and social spheres. But juggling English lessons alongside work, family obligations and social commitments is a challenge that can feel overwhelming.

This guide explores the unique challenges adult learners face and how educators can support them with empathy, flexibility and effective strategies.

The challenges of learning English as an adult

Meet Le, a 35-year-old Vietnamese project manager who dreams of working for an international company. With a demanding full-time job and two young children, finding time for English lessons feels impossible. Missing classes and struggling to complete assignments leads to frustration and self-doubt—an all-too-common experience among adult learners.

Many adults face similar challenges:

  • Balancing work, family and personal commitments leaves little time and energy for study.
  • Fatigue after a long day makes it difficult to concentrate or retain information.
  • Progress feels slow, which can be demotivating.

Without practical support, the goal of English proficiency can seem out of reach.

Strategies for overcoming challenges

1. Setting SMART Goals

Educators can guide learners to set Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound (SMART) goals. Breaking down larger objectives into small, measurable milestones gives learners a sense of achievement. For example, app’s Global Scale of English (GSE) provides actionable “Can-do” statements, such as:

  • Reading (GSE 37/CEFR A2+): Can understand simple personal emails.
  • Speaking (GSE 44/CEFR B1): Can give a short talk with visual support.

These manageable goals create motivation and help learners like Le stay focused without feeling overwhelmed.

2. Offering flexible learning options

Flexibility is key for adult learners. Teachers can adopt strategies such as:

  • Modular lessons that can be completed in short sessions.
  • Micro-learning, including 10-minute daily practices using apps or quick grammar exercises.

For learners like Le, micro-learning can easily be integrated into a work commute or lunch break.

3. Blending learning with real-world scenarios

Teaching English through practical, real-life contexts makes lessons more relevant and efficient. Using authentic materials like emails, meeting notes, or presentations mirrors learners’ daily lives and creates immediate applications for their new skills. For instance:

  • Help learners role-play workplace conversations.
  • Develop speaking proficiency for social interactions or workplace scenarios.

This approach saves time and reinforces the usefulness of learning English, keeping learners motivated.

4. Encouraging weekly reflection

Reflection allows learners to monitor their progress, stay motivated and adapt their strategies. Teachers can:

  • Encourage learners to set weekly goals (e.g., learning new business vocabulary or practicing pronunciation for 15 minutes daily).
  • Use reflection journals to track achievements, identify challenges and adjust learning plans.

This habit reinforces a growth mindset, helping learners make consistent progress amidst their busy schedules.

Implementing the strategies

Here’s how educators can apply these strategies effectively:

1. Assess and set goals

Work with learners to set realistic, measurable goals based on their personal motivations and schedules.

2. Create flexible study plans

Develop personalized study schedules that incorporate modular lessons and micro-learning techniques.

3. Use authentic materials

Include sample emails, presentations, or conversations that align with the learner’s work or life situations, making lessons more practical.

4. Encourage accountability

Implement tools like reflective journals or digital reminders to help learners stay on track and see their progress.

5. Leverage personalized AI tools

Use AI-powered tools to recommend tailored exercises, provide instant feedback and enable targeted practice in learners’ focus areas.

Why It matters

English proficiency opens doors to better job opportunities, stronger social connections and enriched personal growth. By providing empathetic and flexible support, teachers empower learners to achieve their goals without compromising their work-life balance.
For educators seeking further resources, app’s GSE framework offers valuable tools to help adult learners succeed. Teachers can use these aids to track progress and personalize lessons for maximum impact.

Celebrate education

To mark the incredible work of educators helping learners balance work, life and study, we encourage you to share your own experiences and tips to others. Together, we can continue to empower lifelong learning and celebrate the role of education in transforming lives.

Further reading

Read our blog posts 'Improving professional development with Teaching with the GSE' and 'English for employability: Why teaching general English is not enough'.

More blogs from app

  • A person in a white hoodie sits at a desk, working on a laptop, with bookshelves in the background.

    How to support weaker learners remotely in language classes

    By
    Reading time: 4 minutes

    Language teachers know that remote teaching accentuates differences within a class. Students who need more time, repetition and reassurance can feel lost – unless we intentionally design for them. This guide explains how to support weaker learners online, assist struggling students remotely, and help language students who find classes difficult, all without slowing down the rest of the students. Using clear routines, inclusive online teaching and the right tools, you can create virtual classrooms where confidence and progress grow for every learner.

    Start with clarity and differentiation in online language teaching

    Differentiation in online language teaching begins with a precise understanding of all your students' needs.

    • Run brief skill checks at the start of each unit (listening, reading, vocabulary, grammar); a handful of well-targeted items reveals where weaker learners need focus.
    • Map access and conditions. Ask about device type, bandwidth and study environment to plan contingencies for low-tech days.
    • Set one micro-goal per learner per week (for example, “Use three new adjectives to describe a photo.”). Small, specific goals keep momentum.

    Remote teaching strategies for mixed-ability classes

    Mixed ability is the norm online. Structure your lessons to reduce cognitive load and keep every learner engaged; again this helps support struggling learners.

    • Use a predictable flow: Connect (review and warm-up) > Input (listening/reading) > Focus (language noticing) > Practice (guided) > Use (communicative) > Reflect (self-check).

    Offer "must / should / could" pathways:

    • Must secure essential outcomes for all learners
    • Should consolidate skills for those ready to go further
    • Could stretch confident learners without overwhelming others

    Keep tasks short (5–8 minutes) and signal the mode clearly (listen, read, speak, write).

    Scaffolding techniques for online language learning

    Weaker learners thrive on intentional scaffolds that lower barriers and build independence.

    Listening

    • Pre-teach a handful of key words with visuals or quick gestures.
    • Play audio in short chunks with a single purpose each time: gist, detail, then language noticing.
    • Reveal transcripts only after the second listen to confirm understanding, not replace it.

    Reading

    • Set a clear purpose (“Find two reasons the writer gives for…”) before reading.
    • Provide mini glossaries and encourage highlights and margin notes.
    • Model skimming and scanning strategies with a quick think-aloud.

    Speaking

    • Share sentence frames and functional language (“I agree because…”, “Could you clarify…?”).
    • Give rehearsal time with private voice notes before live speaking.
    • Use small groups with roles (timekeeper, summarizer, supporter) and prompt cards.

    Writing

    • Co-construct a model paragraph, then move to guided writing with checklists and word banks.
    • Encourage drafting and redrafting with a single improvement focus (for example, verb endings).

    Online ESL support strategies like these are included in many tasks, making it easier to scaffold without reinventing materials.

    How to engage weaker learners during online lessons

    Engagement is a design choice. Create multiple entry points and safe participation.

    • Offer varied response modes: chat, polls, reactions and voice. Let learners choose their on-ramp.
    • Structure breakout rooms intentionally. Pair confident learners with developing ones, share clear prompts and keep instructions visible.
    • Visit rooms to coach, not catch. Praise specific behaviors (“Nice turn-taking and great use of follow-up questions.”).

    Inclusive teaching online is about psychological safety. Normalize effort and mistakes: “Thanks for trying that structure – let’s polish it together.”

    Ways to motivate struggling students in virtual classrooms

    Students are most motivated when their progress is visible and they receive constructive, concise feedback.

    • Use quick, auto-graded practice for instant wins on accuracy.
    • Keep teacher feedback focused: one or two points per task, delivered as short audio/video notes when possible.
    • Allow resubmission with a success criterion (“Record again aiming for clearer word endings.”).
    • Celebrate micro-achievements publicly (with consent) and privately to build self-belief.

    Tips for supporting mixed-ability groups online

    Build independence with targeted asynchronous supports.

    • Post short screencasts (under five minutes) explaining tricky points.
    • Share downloadable task cards or checklists for low-bandwidth days.
    • Encourage weekly learning logs: What I tried, What worked, What I’ll try next.
    • Use spaced repetition through assignable mobile practice.

    How to adapt language lessons for different levels online

    Planning for multiple levels is easier when you think in layers.

    • Layer input: same topic, different text/audio lengths and complexity.
    • Layer support: word banks, sentence frames and visuals for those who need more; open prompts for advanced learners.
    • Layer outcomes: all learners meet the core objective; confident learners add a twist (for example, an extra opinion or example).

    How to help low-level students in online classes

    • Keep instructions concise and consistent. One slide = one task.
    • Model, then co-construct before independent work.
    • Use strategically: allow brainstorming in the first language, then pivot to English for performance.
    • Provide accessible materials: readable fonts, captions, transcripts and mobile-friendly tasks.

    Supporting your remote learners is both an art and a system. When you design with clarity, scaffold intentionally, and use the right digital supports, you can support weaker students remotely and online, as well as support struggling learners in language classes with confidence.

  • Teaching with purpose: Why the GSE still works in 2025

    By
    Reading time: 5 minutes

    We live in a world in which change is a constant. While change has always existed, lately it has definitely accelerated. There is an idea in society that we should embrace change and adopt whatever is new, with an underlying assumption – wrong to many – that what is new is always better.one that is often wrong

    In the world of ELT, new materials are developed every year. It is unthinkable for most teachers to be using teaching materials that were published 10 years ago. Some would even claim that anything published before 2020 is already out-dated.

    How does all this impact on the Global Scale of English (GSE) – published over 10 years ago? When it was launched in 2014, it constituted a significant innovation in ELT. The following quotes were provided by ELT experts at the time of launch.

  • Three individuals are engaged in a discussion around a table in a library, surrounded by books, with one person gesturing with their hands.

    Ready to study in the USA? Not all tests are created equal

    By
    Reading time: 2 minutes

    If you’re planning to study in the USA, you’ve probably looked into English proficiency tests for university admissions. And you’ve probably noticed – they’re not all the same.

    • Some are more expensive.
    • Some take weeks to deliver results.
    • Some require you to travel to a test centre.

    The app English Express Test is different.

    What makes the app English Express Test special?

    This online English test is designed for international students who want to move quickly and confidently through the admissions process.

    • Take it from home– No travel needed. The app English Express Test is fully online, so you can complete your exam from anywhere in the world.
    • Get certified results in 48 hours– No long waits. Receive your official English proficiency scores fast, so you can meet university deadlines with ease.
    • Pay less– It’s one of the most affordable English tests for US university applications, helping you save on costs.
    • Accepted by a growing number of US universities– Use your results to apply to top institutions across the United States.
    • Built for momentum, not delays– Designed to help you move forward, not slow you down.

    Why this test matters

    When you’re applying to study in the USA, every day counts. You’re juggling application deadlines, coordinating with universities and planning your next big move. You need an English language test that supports your ambitions, not one that holds you back.

    What makesapp English Express Test different?

    • AI scoring for fairness and consistency– Advanced technology ensures your results are accurate and impartial.
    • Security inbuilt– Take your test with confidence, knowing your identity and results are protected.
    • CEFR and GSE-aligned results– Trusted by universities and colleges, your scores are mapped to international standards for English proficiency.

    It’s everything you need for your US university application, without the stress.

    Ready to take the test?

    If you’re searching for an English proficiency test that fits into your life and helps you move forward, the app English Express Test is ready when you are. Take your test today and start your journey to studying in the USA with confidence.