Four ways to keep kindergarten ESL students focused all day

Heath Pulliam
A teacher sat in a classroom with a child, sharing crayons with eachother and smiling
Reading time: 5 minutes

Heath Pulliam is an independent education writer with a focus on the language learning space. He¡¯s taught English in South Korea and various subjects in the United States to a variety of ages. He¡¯s also a language learning enthusiast and studies Spanish in his free time.

Those who have taught children anywhere between the ages of 4 and 8 know that one of the biggest challenges of getting through to them is keeping your presentation style interesting. As someone who taught ESL in South Korea to kindergarteners, there are a few factors that make keeping students engaged a challenge. In countries where students learn English, students often have a heavy courseload and high expectations. As a first-year teacher, I learned a lot about what worked and what didn¡¯t through trial and error. These are four methods that I consistently used to keep my students interested and engaged all day.

Students are quick to lose focus at such a young age. You¡¯re not speaking their mother tongue and some parts of an ESL curriculum are less than exciting. With young students, you can¡¯t lecture your way through the material all day. Kindergarteners have a small window of focus and it must be capitalized on. The following methods are ones that worked for me and can be modified to cover any topic you¡¯ll run into in an ESL curriculum.

Activities to engage pre-primary ESL students all day
Play
Privacy and cookies

By watching, you agree ÃÛÌÒapp can share your viewership data for marketing and analytics for one year, revocable by deleting your cookies.

1.?The wheel of names

Don't let the simplicity of this tool fool you. The Wheel of Names, which is exactly what it sounds like, is a very simple tool that you can put the names of your students on to randomly (or not) select a student. The Wheel of Names crushes hand-raising and it¡¯s a constant struggle to get everyone raising their hands. (We can¡¯t let the quiet ones just slip through the cracks!)

The beauty of the Wheel of Names is the guaranteed excitement on every spin. They¡¯re kindergarteners. The nature of randomizing who¡¯s going to answer the question, come up to the board, or go first in a game is so exciting to them. Use it however you want. The suspense has kids excited to see who will be chosen and has them cheering on whichever classmate gets chosen.

I used this tool mostly during review sessions to choose students to answer questions. It can also be used for creating small groups, making sure everyone gets a chance to speak during activities and seeing who¡¯s going to get to do the next fun thing in the classroom. You¡¯re teaching kindy, have fun with it.

2.?Team-based review game

We never came up with a good name for this game, but we used it a lot. Every Friday, during our chapter review, this was undoubtedly the best compromise between fun and effectiveness for reviewing material. It also fosters speaking, one of the most important parts of learning a language.

Here¡¯s how it works. The class is separated into two teams. (For a little extra fun, use the wheel of names or a cup of popsicle sticks with students¡¯ names on them to select the teams.) The teacher has a set of review questions or vocabulary words. On each turn, one person from each team has a chance to answer the question. You can do hand-raising or a randomization method to pick who answers.

If the student representative from the team gets it right, they earn a point. If they get it wrong, the opposing team gets a chance to answer for a point. Alternating between each team, the first to a certain number of points wins. A simple game, but at this age many students are just getting used to team-based activities.

This game is so effective because it makes use of children¡¯s natural competitive spirit. When one student is up, the rest of their team cheers them on. Learning material is important, but a big part of teaching young students is teaching them social skills, too. This game gets everyone excited and gets the material to stick. It also teaches them the importance of teamwork and how to win and lose gracefully. (Not everyone can win every time).

3.?Creating super sentences

At the end of the year, the students in my class ended up being the best writers in their respective age groups. I think this activity, making ¡®Super Sentences¡± a few times a week was a big contributor to that. Inspired by a textbook we had, here¡¯s how this activity works.

We¡¯d create sentences with this formula:

Who or what ¨C The owl

Did what ¨C hunted for mice

Where ¨C in the forest

When ¨C at night

The owl hunted for mice in the forest at night.

Before students got to work on their own, We¡¯d fill out a little table on the board as a class that looked something like this ¨C but changed every time.

Who or what?

(noun)

Did what? (verb)

Where?

(prepositional phrase)

When?

(prepositional phrase)

The dog

The raccoon

Joey

Mr. Heath

Chloe

The thief

Ran

Slept

Attacked _______

Found _________

Learned to ________

sneaked

On top of __________

Under __________

Through the ________

Next to the? ________

Inside of the _______

Behind the ________

At sunset

At 4:00 PM

In the middle of the day

In March

In the evening

After this, students can get to work making their own sentences and drawing what is happening below. After a few times, many students began to make up their own nouns, verbs and prepositions that were not listed on the board. And when everyone gets comfortable writing sentences, you can add a ¡®Why?¡¯ section at the end.

This activity is one of my favorites because it helps bring out children¡¯s natural creativity. In an ESL curriculum, there¡¯s a lot of material that¡¯s less than exciting, so any way to give the kids a little freedom can be a game-changer. It¡¯s also great for vocabulary, grammar and writing practice.

To finish off the activity, have each student read their sentence and have the class vote on their favorite for a prize!

4. Vocabulary bingo

Something to know about teaching ESL in non-English-speaking countries is that often, no time is allowed to be spent not learning. This is definitely the case in South Korea. Even after lunch and towards the end of the day, students are rarely allowed to do anything if it isn¡¯t enriching. Because of this, playing games that are fun and learning-effective is a must.

Now, I¡¯m certainly not the first one to play Bingo. This version however, is slightly modified to be as enriching as possible. We played this version often at the end of the day, because focus runs low around that time.

Essentially, this is just vocabulary bingo with a little bit of charades mixed in. For this activity, make a basic bingo board with some of your current vocabulary words or target language. There are plenty of sites that make this easy.

What makes this version different is that on each turn, rather than telling everyone the word, describe it to the class and try to get them to guess what the word is. So, if the word was ¡®teamwork¡¯, you might say something like ¡°This is what it¡¯s called when everyone works together to help their team win.¡± You can even have a student helper that helps facilitate the game by giving the descriptions.

After the word is guessed, reiterate it to the class and proceed with Bingo as usual.

Conclusion

Part of being an effective teacher, especially with the younger ages, is harnessing kids¡¯ natural excitement, energy and innate curiosity to their own benefit. Instead of suppressing it, it¡¯s essential to adapt your teaching style to work for your students.

Teaching ESL to young children has its own set of challenges. They can hardly sit still for an hour of lecture, let alone a whole day. Make use of, or draw inspiration from these methods and see how they can work for you.

Teaching young learners? Read our posts '8 first lesson problems for young learners' and 'Effective classroom management routines for very young learners'.

Explore our pre-primary and primary courseware

More blogs from ÃÛÌÒapp

  • A teacher sat at the front of the class holding a book reading it to a class of young children who are sat on the floor

    Romantic Readers and classroom ideas to celebrate Valentine¡¯s day

    By Iram Ahmed
    Reading time: 3 minutes

    Love is in the air on February 14th, with hearts, red roses and boxes of chocolates everywhere. We¡¯re all set for the big day, and to help you prepare as well, here are six of our favorite love stories for learners of all ages and levels. There are also plenty of fun ideas for your classroom.

    1.?Cinderella?(Level 1)

    Poor Cinderella lives with her stepmother and two horrible stepsisters. They treat her badly, making her cook and clean, while they relax and wear beautiful clothes. However, one night, Cinderella gets the chance to sneak away and attend a fabulous ball. She meets a handsome prince¡­but must run away before he discovers her true identity. With only a glass shoe to help him, will the prince ever find Cinderella?

    How to use this Reader in class:

    It¡¯s no surprise that the story has a happy ending. After reading the story, have the learners draw a picture and write about Cinderella¡¯s new life in the castle, with her loving new family.

    2.?Lady and the Tramp?(Level 3)

    This classic Disney story tells the tale of two young dogs who come from different backgrounds. Lady lives in a house while Tramp lives on the street. However, one day, Lady is forced to leave the house and the life she knows. Tramp teaches her about life on the streets and the two dogs fall in love¡­ but with the dog-catcher always chasing them, will the story have a happy ending?

    How to use this reader in class:

    After reading the story, why not watch the animated version with your students? They can choose their favorite character from the movie and write a description of them.

    Looking for more romantic Readers for young learners? How about?The Little Mermaid?(Level 2) or?Aladdin?(Level 5)? There¡¯s something for everyone?in our catalog.

    3.?Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl?(Level 2)

    If your teenagers are looking for more adventure than romance, this Reader has both. Follow crazy Jack Sparrow, handsome Will and brave Elizabeth as they fight pirates and uncover the curse of the Black Pearl. But will Elizabeth and Will survive the dangerous life on the seven seas?

    How to use this Reader in class:

    After reading the story, why not ask your students to write a review of it? It¡¯s a great way for them to summarize the plot and share their opinion.

    4.?Pride and Prejudice?(Level 5)

    A timeless classic,?Pride and Prejudice?tells the story of young Elizabeth Bennett. As the oldest daughters in a family of five, she and her sister Jane are both expected to find good husbands and marry soon. But will Elizabeth find love, or will no man be good enough for her?

    How to use this Reader in class:

    While reading the story, learners can keep a diary, writing entries in the voice of Elizabeth Bennett. This helps them to demonstrate their understanding of the novel and encourages them to have a more empathetic reaction to the story¡¯s heroine. They can either write the diary entries using typical language from Jane Austen¡¯s day, or updating it to more modern language.

    Here¡¯s an example:

    I had the ¡®pleasure¡¯ of meeting Mr Darcy today and found him rather rude and reserved. I imagine he feels this country life is inferior and that the locals are uncultured simpletons!

    or

    Met Mr Darcy today ¨C what a stuck-up dork! He just stood there, looking down his nose at everyone¡­ you can see he thinks he¡¯s better than us locals.

    If you think your teenage learners would enjoy a different modern or classic tale of romance, check out our readers?. There are plenty to choose from, including?Romeo and Juliet?(Level 3),?Love Actually?(Level 4) and?Madame Bovary?(Level 6).

    5.?Tales from the Arabian Nights?(Level 2)?

    What would you do if you needed to fascinate a king to save your life? This is the problem Sheherezade faces when she marries a king who has killed all his previous wives. So she tells her new husband exciting, mesmerizing stories every night and always ends the tale with the king wanting to hear more. She tells him stories of adventure, love and mystery¡­ and you can read her stories too in this Level 2 Reader.

    How to use this reader in class:

    After reading the book, have students vote on their favorite story from Sheherezade. They can then work in groups to present a short play of one of the stories, working together to write a short script.

    6.?Wuthering Heights?(Level 5)?

    Unfortunately, the path of true love isn¡¯t always easy. Set in 19th Century Yorkshire, this tragic romance follows the story of Catherine and Heathcliff. The two childhood friends grow up together very closely. However, although she loves him deeply, Catherine can¡¯t marry Heathcliff because of his lower social status. Instead, she marries another man, Edgar. How will Heathcliff react to this news? Will Catherine and Edgar be happy together?

    How to use this reader in class:

    At one point in?Wuthering Heights, Heathcliff runs away from home because he thinks Catherine is embarrassed by him and doesn¡¯t love him. Have the learners write a letter from Catherine to Heathcliff at that point, expressing her regrets about why they can¡¯t be together. It provides students with the opportunity to use phrases such as?If only¡­,?I wish¡­?and?I should have¡­?whilst demonstrating their understanding of the novel so far.

    If Yorkshire moors and Arabian nights aren¡¯t quite what your students are looking for, there are more tales of romance on our site. Choose from modern-day love stories such as?Notting Hill?(Level 3) and?Lisa in London?(Level 1) or classics like?Anna Karenina?(Level 6) and?Persuasion?(Level 2).

    If you enjoyed this post here are some more practical posts to get your students engaged in reading, 'How to bring Shakespeare to life in the classroom'?and 'How to motivate reluctant readers'.

  • Two people playing video games on the sofa together

    How video games help language learning

    By
    Reading time: 6 minutes

    The evolution of video games and global connectivity

    Video games have come a long way since their inception in the late 20th century. From the simple pixelated screens of 'Pong' and 'Space Invaders', we've entered an era where video games are complex, immersive and incredibly detailed. The evolution of video games has not only been technological but also cultural.

    With the rise of the internet and online gaming, players from different corners of the world can now connect, collaborate and compete in real-time. This global connectivity has transformed video games into a social platform, where language barriers are often encountered and interestingly, overcome.

  • Understand your English level

    By Sam Colley
    Reading time: 4 minutes

    Learning English as a second language is a journey that can be fun and tough. A key part of this journey is knowing your current skill level. The Global Scale of English (GSE) helps learners check their skills. The GSE is a scale from 10 to 90 that measures English ability. It gives clear information about what learners can do at each level. In this blog, we¡¯ll look at how to find out your English level using GSE scores, levels, and "I can..." statements.

    Why understanding your English level matters

    You may wonder, ¡®Why is it important for me to know my language level¡¯? If you start studying without knowing your skill level, you might feel overwhelmed, frustrated, or find learning too easy and be put off or not make any learning progress.
    Knowing your English level helps you in many ways, such as to:

    1. Set realistic goals: Tailor your learning objectives to your current abilities.
    2. Choose appropriate materials: Select books, courses, and resources that match your proficiency.
    3. Track progress: Measure improvement over time and stay motivated.

    GSE levels and what they mean

    The GSE levels range from Starter to Expert, each with specific "I can..." statements that describe what you should be able to do at that level. Here¡¯s a breakdown of each level, along with some practical examples: